MEHRIBAN SALAM 
Halabja - Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from dysfunction in the central nervous system. It affects brain development related to social interaction and communication and typically appears within the first three years of life.
Children with autism often struggle with speech and comprehension, have difficulty recognizing nonverbal cues, and may find it challenging to regulate voice tone and rhythm. Some may repeat words or phrases multiple times and face obstacles in forming natural social relationships.
Medical experts note that children diagnosed early and provided timely intervention show improved brain development, alongside noticeable gains in behavior and communication skills.
Established two years ago as the province’s first specialized facility for children with special needs, the autism center in Halabja, Kurdistan Region, continues to provide support and has enrolled 40 children this year, ranging from mild to severe autism.
Speaking on the care of children with special needs, director Awara Nowruz emphasized the importance of shifting societal perceptions: “Autism is a neurological difference, not a deficiency or defect. Some children experience severe cases, but they are not as ‘dangerous’ or ‘undesirable’ as society often assumes. Autism is not something to fear. Treatments are available even for the most severe cases, and improvement is always possible.”
She urged parents to recognize early signs: “If families identify autism in their child at a young age, treatment becomes much easier. Unfortunately, many children who come to our center arrive with severe conditions, but with persistence and proper care, many show significant improvement. Thanks to parents’ dedication, 30 children from our center will begin school this year.”